Soft-Field Landing

Whiteboard

Objective Safely land on a non-hard surface runways.	Soft-Field Landing	Motivation Open up more airports and emergency landing sites.
Elements Soft-field surfaces Hazards, condition: Grass, mud, dirt Weight to wheel: Gradually Ground effect Increasing AoA in flare Aft elevator on rollout Minimal braking Keep moving		Procedure Pre-landing checklist (GUMPS) Downwind: 90 knots, 12", 10° flaps Base: 80 knots, 20° flaps Final: 70 knots, 40° flaps Stable approach 65-70 knots Enter ground effect Smooth flare, remove power Don't let the airplane land Touch down: Hold rear elevator pressure Keep moving during turn off
Risk Management Surface conditions Sinking into surface Ballooning Crosswinds	Common Errors Excessive descent rate Excessive airspeed Rounding out too high Float/ballooning Hard touchdown Nose wheel "falling" down after mains touch	Completion Standards Approach speed VREF +10/-5 knots

References

• Airplane Flying Handbook pg. 9-23